@article{oai:asahi-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00009244,
 author = {Takeshima, Nobuo and Narita, Makoto and Matsui, Takeshi and Okada, Akiyoshi and Islam, Mohammod M. and Brechue, William F.},
 issue = {2018-03},
 journal = {2018-03},
 month = {2018-03, 2018-07-11},
 note = {It is generally accepted that the central redistribution of blood volume with water immersion (WI) leads to an increase in stroke volume (SV). However, little research exists concerning the physiological effects of WI on the cardiorespiratory responses at rest and during dynamic exercise in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of xiphoid-level WI (30˚C) on SV and heart rate (HR) response to graded exercise in elderly (ELD) and young (Y) subjects. Elderly (n = 5 ; 78.4 ± 3.9 yr) and young (n = 6 ; 22.5 ± 5.2 yr) men performed two bouts of incremental exercise on land and in water (water treadmill) separated by one week in random order. Oxygen uptake and left ventricular (LV) end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (M-mode echocardiography;Teichholz method) were recorded at rest and during exercise. Resting HR, SV and CO were not different between conditions. Peak HR was greater on land (181 ± 8 beats/min) than during WI (169 ± 12 beats/min) for Y, but was not different for ELD (land = 142 ± 8 beats/min; WI = 136 ± 19 beats/min). SV (controlled for CO) and HR (controlled for SV) showed a significant difference (least square means) between land and WI in Y, but not in ELD. The results indicate that age significantly affects the cardiac preload at rest and during WI.},
 pages = {2018-03--2018-03},
 title = {Comparison of cardiovascular response to water immersion in elderly during rest and exercise},
 volume = {2018-03},
 year = {}
}